感恩节英语:Thanksgiving;Thanksgiving Day

感恩节英语：Thanksgiving;Thanksgiving Day

A three-day harvest celebration held in 1621 in Plymouth Colony (part of today’s Massachusetts) is generally considered to be the first American Thanksgiving。 The Pilgrims had arrived the year before on the ship The Mayflower。 They hadn’t brought enough food， and it was too late to plant crops。 Half the colony died during the winter of 1620–1621. In the spring， local Wampanoag Indians taught the colonists how to grow corn (maize) and other crops， and helped them master hunting and fishing。 They also showed the colonists how to cook cranberries， corn and squash。

1621年在普利茅斯殖民地(Plymouth Colony)，即今天的马萨诸塞州(Massachusetts)，人们举行为时三天的丰收庆典活动，一般被视为美洲的第一个感恩节。前一年，英国清教徒们乘坐“五月花”号(The Mayflower)抵达美洲大陆。他们没有带足够的粮食，重新种庄稼又太晚。1620至1621年冬，这个殖民地的一半人口不幸丧生。到了春天，当地万帕诺亚格部落的印第安人(Wampanoag Indians)向外来移民介绍如何种植玉米和其他庄稼，并帮助他们学会狩猎和捕鱼。他们还教他们如何烹制越橘、玉米和南瓜。

Another modern staple at almost every Thanksgiving table is pumpkin pie。 But it is unlikely that the first feast included that treat。 The supply of flour had been long diminished， so there was no bread or pastries of any kind。 However， they did eat boiled pumpkin， and they produced a type of fried bread from their corn crop。 There was also no milk， cider， potatoes， or butter。 There was no domestic cattle for dairy products， and the newly-discovered potato was still considered by many Europeans to be poisonous。 But the feast did include fish， berries， watercress， lobster， dried fruit， clams， venison， and plums。

现在，几乎每家感恩节餐桌上都有南瓜馅饼──感恩节的另一种主食。但在当年的第一次庆典上却不可能有这种食品。因为面粉奇缺，所以面包、馅饼、糕点等食物都没有。但他们却吃了煮南瓜，并用收获的玉米制成了一种油炸面包。也没有牛奶、苹果酒、土豆和黄油。没有驯养的奶牛，自然没有牛奶；而新发现的土豆被很多欧洲人认为是有毒的。第一次庆典上有鱼、草莓、豆瓣菜、龙虾、干果、蛤、鹿肉、李子等。